Coughing is a reflex reaction for clearing the throat and lungs of irritants or phlegm. There are two types of cough: productive and non-productive. A productive cough produces phlegm. A dry cough is a cough that does not bring up any phlegm. Dry cough may cause a tickling sensation and are often due to irritation in the throat. The cough becomes chronic when it lasts for 8 weeks in adults and 4 weeks in children.
- SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF CHRONIC COUGH
- CAUSES OF CHRONIC COUGH
- PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF CHRONIC COUGH
- DIAGNOSIS OF CHRONIC COUGH
- TREATMENTS FOR CHRONIC COUGH
- PROGNOSIS OF CHRONIC COUGH
- COMPLICATIONS OF CHRONIC COUGH
- CHRONIC COUGH AND AYURVEDA
- NIDANA- AYURVEDIC CAUSES OF CHRONIC COUGH
- PURVAROOPAM- AYURVEDIC PREMONITORY SYMPTOMS OF CHRONIC COUGH
- SAMPRAPTI – AYURVEDIC PATHOGENESIS OF CHRONIC COUGH
- LAKSHANA- AYURVEDIC SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF CHRONIC COUGH
- AYURVEDIC PROGNOSIS OF CHRONIC COUGH
- CHIKITSA- AYURVEDIC TREATMENT FOR CHRONIC COUGH
- AYURVEDIC SAMANA TREATMENT FOR CHRONIC COUGH
- AYURVEDIC SHODHANA TREATMENT FOR CHRONIC COUGH
- COMMONLY USED AYURVEDIC MEDICINES FOR CHRONIC COUGH
- HOME REMEDIES FOR CHRONIC COUGH
- DIET AND BEHAVIOUR FOR CHRONIC COUGH
- YOGA FOR CHRONIC COUGH
- RESEARCH PAPERS OF AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC COUGH
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF CHRONIC COUGH
- Tickling sensation of the throat
- Chronic cough with or without phlegm
- Chest pain due to chronic cough
- Hoarseness
- May be associated with wheezing, coughing up blood etc.
CAUSES OF CHRONIC COUGH
- Respiratory infections
- Bronchitis
- Pneumonia
- COPD (Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)
- Asthma
- Chronic heart failure
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
- Whooping cough
- Lung cancer
- Postnasal drip
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF CHRONIC COUGH
Due to the causative factors reflex centre for cough activated followed by coughing occurs with or without phlegm or mucous. When this persists for weeks it becomes chronic and may be associated with other complications.
DIAGNOSIS OF CHRONIC COUGH
- CT scan
- X-ray
- Lung function test
- Lab tests
- Bronchoscopy
- Rhinoscopy
TREATMENTS OF CHRONIC COUGH
- Antihistamines
- Antibiotics
- Acid blockers
- Treatments are done for the underlying pathology
PROGNOSIS OF CHRONIC COUGH
- Prognosis is based on the cause of cough, duration and condition of the patient.
- Chronic cough is generally curable and the symptoms are manageable with long term treatment.
COMPLICATIONS OF CHRONIC COUGH
- Sleep disruption
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Vomiting
- Chest pain
- Urinary incontinence
- Increased intraabdominal pressure may cause the hernia
CHRONIC COUGH AND AYURVEDA
- In Ayurveda,chronic cough refers to kasa roga.
- Types of kasa :-
- Vata
- Pitta
- Kapha
- Kshataja
- Kshayaja
NIDANA- AYURVEDIC CAUSES OF CHRONIC COUGH
- Excess consumption of cold, dry, ununctuous food
- Dosha vitiation
- Excessive physical strain
- Suppression of natural urges
- Dust
- Smoke
PURVAROOPAM- AYURVEDIC PREMONITORY SYMPTOMS OF CHRONIC COUGH
- The feeling of congestion in the throat
- Itching sensation in the throat
- Obstruction in swallowing
- Hoarseness of voice
SAMPRAPTI – AYURVEDIC PATHOGENESIS OF CHRONIC COUGH
Due to the causative factors, vata dosha becomes vitiated and moves upwards leading to aggravation prana and udana vayu located in the chest region. Further vata brings contraction of the chest and its sides producing kasa with a loud sound.
LAKSHANA – AYURVEDIC SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF CHRONIC COUGH
- Chest pain
- Hoarseness of voice
- Dryness of mouth and throat
- Horripilation
- Coughing with loud sound
- Difficulty in expectoration of sputum – vatika kasa
- Productive cough – kaphaja kasa
AYURVEDIC PROGNOSIS OF CHRONIC COUGH
- Prognosis is based on the type of cough. Chronic cough due to Vata, pitta and kapha are curable others are difficult to cure.
CHIKITSA- AYURVEDIC TREATMENT FOR CHRONIC COUGH
AYURVEDIC SAMANA TREATMENT FOR CHRONIC COUGH
- Dasamulam katutrayam kashayam
- Talisapatradi churna
- Vyoshadi vataka
- Kantakari ghrita
- Pippalyadi ghrita
- Rasna ghrita
- Vidangadi churna
- Agastya hareetaki
- Dasamoola rasayana
- Kasa kutara rasa
- Vasarishtam
- Kanakasava
- Vasavaleha
- Juice of leaves of vasa (Adathoda vasica) along with honey
AYURVEDIC SODHANA TREATMENT FOR CHRONIC COUGH
- ANUVASANA VASTHI – pippalyadi tailam (for vatika kasa)
- DHUPANA – Manashiladi dhuma varti
- VIRECHANA – purgation
- VAMANA – emesis
COMMONLY USED AYURVEDIC MEDICINES TREATMENT FOR CHRONIC COUGH
Ayurvedic medicines for internal administration for chronic cough
- Dasamulam katutrayam kasayam
- Vyoshadi vataka
- Kanakasava
- Vasavaleha
- Vasarishtam
- Kantakari ghrita
- Pippalyadi ghrita
- Rasna ghrita
- Vidangadi churna
- Agastya hareetaki
- Dasamoola rasayana
- Kasa kutara rasa
HOME REMEDIES FOR CHRONIC COUGH
- Intake of warm water frequently
- Intake of water boiled with dry ginger
- Steam inhalation
DIET AND BEHAVIOUR FOR CHRONIC COUGH
- Avoid food items that produce dosha imbalance like cold and dry food, hard to digest. Because dosha imbalance aggravates the symptoms.
- Consume easily digestible food items
- Intake of gruel mixed with ghee and salt
- Avoid heavy meals at bedtime
- Avoid exposure to the cold environment
YOGA FOR CHRONIC COUGH
- Nadi Shuddi Pranayam – cleans the respiratory passage
The patient needs to be seated in a meditative posture with the head and spine erect, and the body relaxed. The patient has to close one nostril (e.g. left nostril if using the right hand and vice versa) with the thumb and exhale completely through the other nostril. Again, he will have to breathe in deeply through the other nostril while the opposite nostril is still closed with the thumb.
RESEARCH PAPERS OF AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC COUGH
- Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics Agastya Haritaki Rasayana: A Critical Review
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