Glaucoma is an ocular disorder characterized by a group of eye problems that leads to loss of vision.

• SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF GLAUCOMA
  • CAUSES OF GLAUCOMA
  • TYPES OF GLAUCOMA
  • PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF GLAUCOMA
  • DIAGNOSIS OF GLAUCOMA
  • TREATMENTS FOR GLAUCOMA
  • PROGNOSIS OF GLAUCOMA
  • COMPLICATIONS OF GLAUCOMA
  • GLAUCOMA  AND AYURVEDA
  • NIDANA- AYURVEDIC CAUSES OF GLAUCOMA
  • PURVAROOPAM- AYURVEDIC PREMONITORY SYMPTOMS OF GLAUCOMA
  • SAMPRAPTI – AYURVEDIC PATHOGENESIS OF GLAUCOMA
  • LAKSHANA- AYURVEDIC SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF GLAUCOMA
  • AYURVEDIC PROGNOSIS OF GLAUCOMA
  • CHIKITSA- AYURVEDIC TREATMENT FOR GLAUCOMA
  • AYURVEDIC LOCAL TREATMENT FOR GLAUCOMA
  • AYURVEDIC SAMANA TREATMENT FOR GLAUCOMA
• AYURVEDIC SODHANA TREATMENT FOR GLAUCOMA
  • COMMONLY USED AYURVEDIC MEDICINES FOR GLAUCOMA
  • HOME REMEDIES FOR GLAUCOMA
  • DIET AND BEHAVIOUR FOR GLAUCOMA
  • YOGA FOR GLAUCOMA
  • RESEARCH PAPERS OF AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF GLAUCOMA

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF GLAUCOMA

• Blurred vision
• Headache
• Eyestrain
• Seeing “halos” around lights
• Loss of vision
• Eye pain

TYPES OF GLAUCOMA

1.  Open-angle glaucoma
2. Angle-closure glaucoma
3. Secondary glaucoma
4. Childhood glaucoma

CAUSES OF GLAUCOMA

• Increased intraocular pressure
• Genetic factors 
• Old age
• Certain medications
• Traumatic injuries
• Previous ocular surgeries
• Other systemic involvement like hypertension, diabetes etc.

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF GLAUCOMA

• Due to the etiological factors, intraocular pressure increases is due to a buildup of a fluid (aqueous humour). Elevated intraocular pressure leads to damage to the optic nerve. Gradually blind spots develop in the visual field, leads to loss of vision.

DIAGNOSIS OF GLAUCOMA

• Vision test
• Examination of retinal changes
• Slit-lamp examination
• Tonometry
• Diagnose the optic nerve damage
• Gonioscopy

TREATMENTS OF GLAUCOMA

• Eye drops that reduce intraocular pressure
• Beta-blockers
• Alpha-adrenergic agonists.
• prostaglandins analogs
• Surgery
• Treatment of underlying pathology

PROGNOSIS OF GLAUCOMA

The damage caused by glaucoma can’t be reversed. The early diagnosis and treatment help to prevent further damage to the optic nerve.

COMPLICATIONS OF GLAUCOMA

• Complete loss of vision

GLAUCOMA AND AYURVEDA

• As per Ayurveda, it can be correlated with ‘adhimantha’

NIDANA- AYURVEDIC CAUSES OF GLAUCOMA

• Excess vitiation of doshas
• Ageing
• Traumatic injuries
• Exposure to bright light

PURVAROOPAM- AYURVEDIC PREMONITORY SYMPTOMS OF GLAUCOMA

• Eyestrain
• Headache – shirasula

SAMPRAPTI – AYURVEDIC PATHOGENESIS OF GLAUCOMA

Due to the etiological factors doshas vitiated which reside on the eyes produce increased intraocular pressure which further damages the netranadi(optic nerve) leads to adhimantha.

LAKSHANA – AYURVEDIC SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF GLAUCOMA

Adhimantha is characterized by severe; excruciating pain in the eye associated with headache, progressive reduction in vision in a short duration and severe congestion which can easily be correlated with the symptoms of Glaucoma.

AYURVEDIC PROGNOSIS OF GLAUCOMA

• Adhimantha can be prevented through ayurvedic management.

CHIKITSA- AYURVEDIC TREATMENT FOR GLAUCOMA

Ayurvedic local treatment for GLAUCOMA

• Ashchyotana – shigru pallava arka
• Netra tarpana 
• Seka
• Anjana
• Bidalaka

AYURVEDIC SAMANA TREATMENT FOR GLAUCOMA

• Internal administration of triphala churna along with honey
• Triphaladi Ghana vati
• Punarnavashtakam kwatha
• Gokshuradi guggulu
• Chakshushya rasayana

AYURVEDIC SODHANA TREATMENT FOR GLAUCOMA

• Raktamoksha – blood letting
• Nasya
• Vamana

COMMONLY USED AYURVEDIC MEDICINES TREATMENT FOR GLAUCOMA

Ayurvedic medicines for Internal administration for GLAUCOMA

• Triphala churna
• Triphaladi Ghana vati
•  Punarnavashtakam kwatha
• Gokshuradi guggulu
• Jeevantyadi Ghritham
• Chiruvilwadi Ghritham
• Shadpala Ghritham

HOME REMEDIES FOR GLAUCOMA

• Daily intake of  Indian gooseberry

DIET AND BEHAVIOUR FOR GLAUCOMA

• Avoid food items which produce dosha imbalance like hot, pungent, salty and dry food, hard to digest. Because dosha imbalance aggravates the symptoms.
• Consume a balanced diet
• Avoid exposure to sunlight
• Avoid exposure to dust and smoke

YOGA FOR GLAUCOMA

• Nadi Shuddi Pranayam    – calms the mind and gets relief from the eye irritations associated with glaucoma 

The patient needs to be seated in a meditative posture with the head and spine erect, with the body relaxed. The patient has to close his one nostril (e.g. left nostril if using the right hand and vice versa) with the thumb and exhale completely through the other nostril. Again, he will have to breathe in deeply through the other nostril while the opposite nostril is still closed with the thumb.                             

• Dhanurasana
• Uttanasana
• Matsyasana

RESEARCH PAPERS OF AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF GLAUCOMA

1. Clinical study on primary open-angle glaucoma with Ashchyotana, Tarpana and oral medication

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5954260/

2.      A case study on primary open angle glaucoma and its ayurvedic management

https://www.jaims.in/index.php/jaims/article/view/720