ACL INJURY  – Ayurvedic Treatment, Diet, Exercises, Yoga & Pranayama

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An ACL injury is the injury of the anterior cruciate ligament in the knee joint. It is also known as anterior cruciate ligament injury.  It is included under musculoskeletal diseases. In musculoskeletal diseases, ailments are associated with bone, muscle, nerves, tendons and ligaments.

  • SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF ACL INJURY   
  • CAUSES OF ACL INJURY   
  • PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ACL INJURY   
  • DIAGNOSIS OF ACL INJURY   
  • TREATMENTS FOR ACL INJURY   
  • PROGNOSIS OF ACL INJURY   
  • COMPLICATIONS OF ACL INJURY   
  • ACL INJURY     AND AYURVEDA
  • NIDANA- AYURVEDIC CAUSES OF ACL INJURY   
  • PURVAROOPAM- AYURVEDIC PREMONITORY SYMPTOMS OF ACL INJURY   
  • SAMPRAPTI – AYURVEDIC PATHOGENESIS OF ACL INJURY   
  • LAKSHANA- AYURVEDIC SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF ACL INJURY   
  • AYURVEDIC PROGNOSIS OF ACL INJURY   
  • CHIKITSA- AYURVEDIC TREATMENT FOR ACL INJURY   
  • AYURVEDIC LOCAL TREATMENT FOR ACL INJURY   
  • AYURVEDIC SAMANA TREATMENT FOR ACL INJURY   
  • AYURVEDIC SHODHANA TREATMENT FOR ACL INJURY   
  • COMMONLY USED AYURVEDIC MEDICINES FOR ACL INJURY   
  • HOME REMEDIES FOR ACL INJURY   
  • DIET AND BEHAVIOUR FOR ACL INJURY   
  • YOGA FOR ACL INJURY   
  • RESEARCH PAPERS OF AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF ACL INJURY   

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF ACL INJURY   

  • Severe pain in the knee joint
  •  Swelling in the knee joint
  •  Pain aggravated during walking
  • Tenderness at the site of ligament injury  
  • Limited movements
  • Stiffness

CAUSES OF ACL INJURY   

  • Mechanical causes
  • Falling from a height
  • Injuries
  • Direct blow to the knee joint

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ACL INJURY   

Above mentioned causes, leads to tears and injuries to the cruciate ligaments of the knee joint, which leads to localised inflammation. The ligament becomes thickened leads to stiffness gradually. Sudden stress due to mechanical injuries causes rupture of the ligament. Stimulation of specialized pain-sensitive nerve fibres (nociceptors) that innervate the bone tissue, ligaments and tendon lead to pain in the knee joint.

DIAGNOSIS OF ACL INJURY   

  1. EXAMINATIONS
  • Inspection – in and around the knee joint
  • Palpation – to find out the tenderness
  • Movements – Flexion, Extension of knee joint
  • INVESTIGATIONS
  • X – rays
  • MRI
  • CT Scan
  • Laboratory tests – to find out the underlying pathology

TREATMENTS FOR ACL INJURY   

  • Medications – Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, Analgesics
  • Surgical interventions – reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament
  • Treatment of underlying pathology
  • Physiotherapy and rehabilitation

PROGNOSIS OF ACL INJURY   

  • Prognosis is based on the degree of the injury, site of ligament rupture and condition of the patient

COMPLICATIONS OF ACL INJURY   

  • Inability to walk

ACL INJURY    AND AYURVEDA

  • In Ayurveda,ACL injury falls under snayugata roga. It is managed based on Vata vyadhi chikilsa. Particularly it is considered as snayugata vata.
  • In ACL injury, snayuccheda of janu sandhi (knee joint) occurs.
  • Vata vyadhi can be correlated to neurological or neuromuscular disorders. The causes and pathogenesis of diseases caused by vitiation of Vata dosha, in general, are the exclusive cause and pathogenesis ofpain, stiffness, numbness, weakness.
  • Vata dosha and mamsa dhatu are involved.

NIDANA- AYURVEDIC CAUSES OF ACL INJURY   

  • Trauma
  • Injuries

Predisposing factors are;

  • Excess consumption of ununctuous, acrid,  cold food
  • Excessive physical exercise.
  • Suppression of natural urges.

PURVAROOPAM- AYURVEDIC PREMONITORY SYMPTOMS OF ACL INJURY   

  • Sudden sharp pain near the janu sandhi (knee joint)

SAMPRAPTI – AYURVEDIC PATHOGENESIS OF ACL INJURY   

  • Vata, pitta and kapha dosha move through all channels of circulation. Due to the subtle nature of vata it impels the remaining two doshas.
  • The aggravated vata having provoked these two doshas, exacerbated and fills up the empty channels and moves greatly inside them or by getting enveloped by the other doshas.
  • The traumatic injury to the anterior cruciate ligament leads to snayuccheda
  • The aggravated vata resides in the snayu (ligaments) of the knee and produces different kinds of aches and pains.

LAKSHANA- AYURVEDIC SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF ACL INJURY   

  • Toda – aching pain
  • Ruk – Pain on the affected knee joint (janu sandhi)
  • Sopha – oedema
  • Sada – weakness

AYURVEDIC PROGNOSIS OF ACL INJURY   

  • Pain associated with traumatic injuries is difficult to cure – krichra sadhya

CHIKITSA- AYURVEDIC TREATMENT FOR ACL INJURY   

Ayurvedic local treatment for ACL injury   

  • Pain-relieving lepa application
  • Seka – pouring of oil (munivenna)
  • Bandhana (bandaging) – with murivenna

AYURVEDIC SAMANA TREATMENT FOR ACL INJURY   

  • Musthadi marma kashaya
  • Dasamoolarishtam
  • Maharasnadi kashayam
  • Dhanwantharam ghritam
  • Rasna panchakam kashayam
  • Rasnasaptakam kashayam
  • Rasaraj ras
  • Laksha guggulu
  • Trayodasanga guggulu
  • Mahayogaraja guggulu

 AYURVEDIC SHODHANA TREATMENT FOR ACL INJURY   

  • NASYA- Ksheerabala

COMMONLY USED AYURVEDIC MEDICINES FOR ACL INJURY   

Internal administration

  • Musthadi marma kashaya
  • Dasamoolarishtam
  • Rasnerandadi kashayam
  • Rasna panchakam kashayam
  • Rasna saptakam kashayam
  • Rasaraj ras
  • Laksha guggulu
  • Trayodasanga guggulu
  • Mahayogaraja guggulu
  • Dhanwantharam ghrita

External application

  • Snehadhara – with murivenna

HOME REMEDIES FOR ACL INJURY   

  • Proper rest
  • Drinking plenty of fluids
  • Elevation of the knee on pillows

DIET AND BEHAVIOUR FOR ACL INJURY   

  • Avoid food items that produce vata dosha imbalance like cold and dry food, hard to digest. Because vata imbalance aggravates the symptoms.
  • Consume easily digestible food items, cow’s milk
  • Avoid exercises that further aggravate the conditions.
  • Oil application on the affected part is advised. This alleviates vata dosha.
  • Take proper rest.

YOGA FOR ACL INJURY   

  • Nadi Shuddi Pranayam    – calms the mind and gets relief from aches and pains

The patient needs to be seated in a meditative posture with the head and spine erect, with the body relaxed. The patient has to close his one nostril (e.g. left nostril if using the right hand and vice versa) with the thumb and exhale completely through the other nostril. Again, he will have to breathe in deeply through the other nostril while the opposite nostril is still closed with the thumb.

                             

  • Savasana – relaxes body and mind

RESEARCH PAPERS OF AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF ACL INJURY   

  1. A clinical study of knee joint ligament injury with karkada taila

https://ijapr.in/index.php/ijapr/article/download/557/541/

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